Woodstock 1969 Essay -- essays research papers

The Woodstock of 1969 was a revolution in itself and responsible for redefining the point of view, respect, and attitude of the so-called "counter-cultured" youth of the late sixties. The attendants of the festival were youths from around the United States in ages ranging from 17 to 26. The overall mood of the festival was very relaxed and happy. Although there was a minimal amount of violence at Woodstock, there were financial problems, drugs, nudity, and traffic jams that seemed to go for miles down the old country roads surrounding Max Yasgur's dairy farm. Woodstock was a symbol of the rebellious society of the time. The youths that went were looking to vent out frustrations that their parents had forced upon them. For most youths, the "3 Days of Peace, Love, and Music" seemed to be just the place to balance their thoughts, relax with friends, and meet new people that hated their parents as much as they did. Two-hundred thousand people were expected to show for the Woodstock festival, and instead an overwhelming "400,000 youngsters turned up to hear big- name bands play in a field near the village of Bethel, New York state in what has become the largest rock concert of the decade". The attendents and the mood of the Woodstock festival in Bethel, New York was that of the counter-cultered young society of the late sixties. Max Yasgur's farm was transformed from a beautiful lush, green dairy farm field into a 400,000- person mudpit. Throughout the days of the festival, the attendants were "undaunted by rain, mud, wet clothes and chilly mountain breezes, thousands of youths sat on a rural hillside here for a marathon 19-hour session of folk-rock music". Drugs had also become increasingly more popular in the sixties, and Woodstock was no exception to the latest trend. Drugs were readily available and generously passed around through the crowds of youths all over the hillside. But the drugs weren't the reason that people generally attended the Woodstock festival. Most would agree with a man interviewed five miles away from his vehicle walking towards the festival in saying that " But it's more than that. I'm here for the same reason that Indians used to have tribal gatherings. Just being here with people like me makes it all worthwhile... ...ting with a lot of room, grass, trees, lakes. It was going to be a youth cultural exposition and that is where the culture of this generation expresses itself more naturally". Woodstock '69 has remained the icon of the sixties. After a "mind-blowing rendition of the national anthem, the hillside was cleared for the first time in nearly four days of the hordes of youths who came here for three days of music, companionship, and, in many cases, drugs". "Mr. Yasgur is gone, as is the farm. The meadow is green again, and very peaceful. Someone has built a small monument...commemorating the event, listing performers and dates". Today there are still people who believe in the philosophy of peace, love, and hapiness. They still have the hope that one day the government will "take the backseat" to an overcrowded music festival. A policeman after the music festival said what only can be imagined now-a-days, that those kids "have proven something to the world... that half a million kids can get together for fun and music and have nothing but fun and music."

Cuba Speech Essay

This Government, as promised, has maintained the closest surveillance of the Soviet military buildup on the island of Cuba. Within the past week, unmistakable evidence has established the fact that a series of offensive missile sites is now in preparation on that imprisoned island. The purpose of these bases can be none other than to provide a nuclear strike capability against the Western Hemisphere. Upon receiving the first preliminary hard information of this nature last Tuesday morning at 9 A.M., I directed that our surveillance be stepped up. And having now confirmed and completed our evaluation of the evidence and our decision on a course of action, this Government feels obliged to report this new crisis to you in fullest detail. The characteristics of these new missile sites indicate two distinct types of installations. Several of them include medium range ballistic missiles, capable of carrying a nuclear warhead for a distance of more than 1,000 nautical miles. Each of these missiles, in short, is capable of striking Washington, D. C., the Panama Canal, Cape Canaveral, Mexico City, or any other city in the southeastern part of the United States, in Central America, or in the Caribbean area. Click photo for high resolution Additional sites not yet completed appear to be designed for intermediate range ballistic missiles — capable of traveling more than twice as far — and thus capable of striking most of the major cities in the Western Hemisphere, ranging as far north as Hudson Bay, Canada, and as far south as Lima, Peru. In addition, jet bombers, capable of carrying nuclear weapons, are now being uncrated and assembled in Cuba, while the necessary air bases are being prepared. This urgent transformation of Cuba into an important strategic base — by the presence of these large, long-range, and clearly offensive weapons of sudden mass destruction — constitutes an explicit threat to the peace and security of all the Americas, in flagrant and deliberate defiance of the Rio Pact of 1947, the traditions of this nation and hemisphere, the joint resolution of the 87th Congress, the Charter of the United Nations, and my own public warnings to the Soviets on September 4 and 13. This action also contradicts the repeated assurances of Soviet spokesmen, both publicly and privately delivered, that the arms buildup in Cuba would retain its original defensive character, and that the Soviet Union had no need or desire to station strategic missiles. on the territory of any other nation. The size of this undertaking makes clear that it has been planned for some months. Yet, only last month, after I had made clear the distinction between any introduction of ground-to-ground missiles and the existence of defensive antiaircraft missiles, the Soviet Government publicly stated on September 11 that, and I quote, â€Å"the armaments and military equipment sent to Cuba are designed exclusively for defensive purposes,† that there is, and I quote the Soviet Government, â€Å"there is no need for the Soviet Government to shift its weapons for a retaliatory blow to any other country, for instance Cuba,† and that, and I quote their government, â€Å"the Soviet Union has so powerful rockets to carry these nuclear warheads that there is no need to search for sites for them beyond the boundaries of the Soviet Union.† That statement was false. Only last Thursday, as evidence of this rapid offensive buildup was already in my hand, Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko told me in my office that he was instructed to make it clear once again, as he said his government had already done, that Soviet assistance to Cuba, and I quote, â€Å"pursued solely the purpose of contributing to the defense capabilities of Cuba,† that, and I quote him, â€Å"training by Soviet specialists of Cuban nationals in handling defensive armaments was by no means offensive, and if it were otherwise,† Mr. Gromyko went on, â€Å"the Soviet Government would never become involved in rendering such assistance.† That statement also was false. Neither the United States of America nor the world community of nations can tolerate deliberate deception and offensive threats on the part of any nation, large or small. We no longer live in a world where only the actual firing of weapons represents a sufficient challenge to a nation’s security to constitute maximum peril. Nuclear weapons are so destructive and ballistic missiles are so swift, that any substantially increased possibility of their use or any sudden change in their deployment may well be regarded as a definite threat to peace. For many years, both the Soviet Union and the United States, recognizing this fact, have deployed strategic nuclear weapons with great care, never upsetting the precarious status quo which insured that these weapons would not be used in the absence of some vital challenge. Our own strategic missiles have never been transferred to the territory of any other nation under a cloak of secrecy and deception; and our history — unlike that of the Soviets since the end of World War II — demonstrates that we have no desire to dominate or conquer any other nation or impose our system upon its people. Nevertheless, American citizens have become adjusted to living daily on the bull’s-eye of Soviet missiles located inside the U.S.S.R. or in submarines. In that sense, missiles in Cuba add to an already clear and present danger — although it should be noted the nations of Latin America have never previously been subjected to a potential nuclear threat. But this secret, swift, extraordinary buildup of Communist missiles — in an area well known to have a special and historical relationship to the United States and the nations of the Western Hemisphere, in violation of Soviet assurances, and in defiance of American and hemispheric policy — this sudden, clandestine decision to station strategic weapons for the first time outside of Soviet soil — is a deliberately provocative and unjustified change in the status quo which cannot be accepted by this country, if our courage and our commitments are ever to be trusted again by either friend or foe. The 1930’s taught us a clear lesson: aggressive conduct, if allowed to go unchecked and unchallenged, ultimately leads to war. This nation is opposed to war. We are also true to our word. Our unswerving objective, therefore, must be to prevent the use of these missiles against this or any other country, and to secure their withdrawal or elimination from the Western Hemisphere. Our policy has been one of patience and restraint, as befits a peaceful and powerful nation which leads a worldwide alliance. We have been determined not to be diverted from our central concerns by mere irritants and fanatics. But now further action is required, and it is under way; and these actions may only be the beginning. We will not prematurely or unnecessarily risk the costs of worldwide nuclear war in which even the fruits of victory would be ashes in our mouth; but neither will we shrink from that risk at any time it must be faced. Acting, therefore, in the defense of our own security and of the entire Western Hemisphere, and under the authority entrusted to me by the Constitution as endorsed by the Resolution of the Congress, I have directed that the following initial steps be taken immediately: First: To halt this offensive buildup a strict quarantine on all offensive military equipment under shipment to Cuba is being initiated. All ships of any kind bound for Cuba from whatever nation or port will, if found to contain cargoes of offensive weapons, be turned back. This quarantine will be extended, if needed, to other types of cargo and carriers. We are not at this time, however, denying the necessities of life as the Soviets attempted to do in their Berlin blockade of 1948. Second: I have directed the continued and increased close surveillance of Cuba and its military buildup. The foreign ministers of the OAS [Organization of American States], in their communiquà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ of October 6, rejected secrecy on such matters in this hemisphere. Should these offensive military preparations continue, thus increasing the threat to the hemisphere, further action will be justified. I have directed the Armed Forces to prepare for any eventualities; and I trust that in the interest of both the Cuban people and the Soviet technicians at the sites, the hazards to all concerned of continuing this threat will be recognized. Third: It shall be the policy of this nation to regard any nuclear missile launched from Cuba against any nation in the Western Hemisphere as an attack by the Soviet Union on the United States, requiring a full retaliatory response upon the Soviet Union. Fourth: As a necessary military precaution, I have reinforced our base at Guantanamo, evacuated today the dependents of our personnel there, and ordered additional military units to be on a standby ale rt basis. Fifth: We are calling tonight for an immediate meeting of the Organ[ization] of Consultation under the Organization of American States, to consider this threat to hemispheric security and to invoke articles 6 and 8 of the Rio Treaty in support of all necessary action. The United Nations Charter allows for regional security arrangements, and the nations of this hemisphere decided long ago against the military presence of outside powers. Our other allies around the world have also been alerted. Sixth: Under the Charter of the United Nations, we are asking tonight that an emergency meeting of the Security Council be convoked without delay to take action against this latest Soviet threat to world peace. Our resolution will call for the prompt dismantling and withdrawal of all offensive weapons in Cuba, under the supervision of U.N. observers, before the quarantine can be lifted. Seventh and finally: I call upon Chairman Khrushchev to halt and eliminate this clandestine, reckless, and provocative threat to world peace and to stable relations between our two nations. I call upon him further to abandon this course of world domination, and to join in an historic effort to end the perilous arms race and to transform the history of man. He has an opportunity now to move the world back from the abyss of destruction by returning to his government’s own words that it had no need to station missiles outside its own territory, and withdrawing these weapons from Cuba by refraining from any action which will widen or deepen the present crisis, and then by participating in a search for peaceful and permanent solutions. This nation is prepared to present its case against the Soviet threat to peace, and our own proposals for a peaceful world, at any time and in any forum — in the OAS, in the United Nations, or in any other meeting that could be useful — without limiting our freedom of action. We have in the past made strenuous efforts to limit the spread of nuclear weapons. We have proposed the elimination of all arms and military bases in a fair and effective disarmament treaty. We are prepared to discuss new proposals for the removal of tensions on both sides, including the possibilities of a genuinely independent Cuba, free to determine its own destiny. We have no wish to war with the Soviet Union — for we are a peaceful people who desire to live in peace with all other peoples. But it is difficult to settle or even discuss these problems in an atmosphere of intimidation. That is why this latest Soviet threat — or any other threat which is made either independently or in response to our actions this week– must and will be met with determination. Any hostile move anywhere in the world against the safety and freedom of peoples to whom we are committed, including in particular the brave people of West Berlin, will be met by whatever action is needed. Finally, I want to say a few words to the captive people of Cuba, to whom this speech is being directly carried by special radio facilities. I speak to you as a friend, as one who knows of your deep attachment to your fatherland, as one who shares your aspirations for liberty and justice for all. And I have watched and the American people have watched with deep sorrow how your nationalist revolution was betrayed — and how your fatherland fell under foreign domination. Now your leaders are no longer Cuban leaders inspired by Cuban ideals. They are puppets and agents of an international conspiracy which has turned Cuba against your friends and neighbors in the Americas, and turned it into the first Latin American country to become a target for nuclear war — the first Latin American country to have these weapons on its soil. These new weapons are not in your interest. They contribute nothing to your peace and well-being. They can only undermine it. But this country has no wish to cause you to suffer or to impose any system upon you. We know that your lives and land are being used as pawns by those who deny your freedom. Many times in the past, the Cuban people have risen to throw out tyrants who destroyed their liberty. And I have no doubt that most Cubans today look forward to the time when they will be truly free — free from foreign domination, free to choose their own leaders, free to select their own system, free to own their own land, free to speak and write and worship without fear or degradation. And then shall Cuba be welcomed back to the society of free nations and to the associations of this hemisphere. My fellow citizens, let no one doubt that this is a difficult and dangerous effort on which we have set out. No one can foresee precisely what course it will take or what costs or casualties will be incurred. Many months of sacrifice and self-discipline lie ahead — months in which both our patience and our will will be tested, months in which many threats and denunciations will keep us aware of our dangers. But the greatest danger of all would be to do nothing. The path we have chosen for the present is full of hazards, as all paths are; but it is the one most consistent with our character and courage as a nation and our commitments around the world. The cost of freedom is always high, but Americans have always paid it. And one path we shall never choose, and that is the path of surrender or submission. Our goal is not the victory of might, but the vindication of right; not peace at the expense of freedom, but both peace and freedom, here in this hemisphere, and, we hope, around the world. God willing, that goal will be achieved.

International Business Multiple Chioce - 9858 Words

International Business, 13e (Daniels/Radebaugh/Sullivan) Chapter 1 Globalization and International Business 1) The broadening set of interdependent relationships among people from different parts of the world is known as ________. A) globalization B) offshoring C) franchising D) outsourcing Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 Skill: Concept Objective: STUDY QUESTION 1.1: What are international business and globalization? What is the relationship between them? AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity 2) The term globalization is sometimes used to mean the ________. A) movement of jobs to high-wage countries B) business being undertaken outside the confines of any nation C) uneven distribution of resources and this distributions influence on†¦show more content†¦A) it is essential for most managerial job interviews B) it may help you make more informed operational decisions C) you will need to supervise and evaluate subordinates who have international responsibilities D) you should understand importing and exporting in order to be promoted Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 Skill: Concept Objective: STUDY QUESTION 1.2: Why should you study international business? 9) The shifting of national borders has created which of the following situations for international business? A) It has left most people who reside in rural areas with only the barest connection to the rest of the world. B) It has complicated the understanding of behavioral factors affecting business. C) It has made comparisons of historical data on international transactions problematic. D) It has slowed communications between a companys headquarters and foreign operations. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 Skill: Concept Objective: STUDY QUESTION 1.3: Explain how globalization has changed over time and differs both among countries and within countries. AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity 10) Which of the following is an indication of the increased globalization of business since the end of World War II? A) World trade has grown more rapidly than world production in almost every year. B) Most countries now depend on foreign output for more than half their consumption. C) Foreign ownership ofShow MoreRelatedCareer Choice Factors of High School Students18925 Words   |  76 PagesParents’ educational background may influence student views on whether or not to continue their education. Someone they saw on television may have influenced the student, or parents may have demanded that they Career Choice Factors 12 assume a family business. These are various environmental factors that would lead a student to a chosen career. How students have seen themselves in a role in which personality is a determining factor may influence a chosen career. Some careers demand that you have the personality

Analysis Of Maxine Hong Kingstons The Woman Warrior

The United States is viewed as a modern country, with a population primarily of immigrants and a seeming openness to cultural diversity. However, people who come from different cultures and backgrounds experience the of loss of cultural and ethnic identity. Within the country of diversity itself, minorities tend to fall into the stereotypic roles given to them by the â€Å"superior† groups, causing difficulty in moving away from the unethical ideals of racial and gender segregation along with the unvoiced restrictions placed upon the establishment of outside cultures. The search for one’s identity becomes more of an attempt of concealment and ignorance towards cultural roots, unconsciously falling into the stereotypic identity created for†¦show more content†¦Despite the claims that he is equal to everyone else, Fanon still struggles to find his exact place. He asks himself where he fits in, but realizes that the question is rather asking where should he place himself according to the ways of society (Fanon, 93). When writing about her childhood as a young student, she writes about how interactions between her and those who are White cause her to fall into the role of a poor immigrant, such as the interaction between her and the pharmacist. Within American school, Kingston, along with other Chinese students, would fall silent. By whispering in order to make themselves â€Å"American-feminine† rather than having the â€Å"strong and bossy† voices of normal Chinese women (Kingston, 172). Her continuation of playing the roll put out for her as an immigrant leads to her still being unable to finding the balance between her identity as Chinese but also her identity as an immigrant. Primarily in the last chapter, A Song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe, Kingston faces a much larger struggle attempting to fit in with the rest of the American children. As she begins to explain of her experience going from American school in the morning and then ChineseShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Maxine Hong Kingstons The Woman Warrior1504 Words   |  7 PagesA warrior is defined as a â€Å"brave or experienced soldier or fighter.† These few words characterize some of the most valiant souls that have stepped on our planet. Whether they are the firefighters and police officers that fearlessly ran into the fire of the Twin Towers or the current marines that are stationed around the world, there is an abundance of warriors that surround us at every moment. In turn, the definition of warrior has changed through generations. During the medieval times, a typicalRead MoreAnalysis of Maxine Hong Kingston No Name Woman1670 Words   |  7 PagesChapter I Introduction 1.1. Background of study Adultery defined as a sex relationship between a married woman and a man other than her spouse or a sex relationship that usually happened also between unmarried couples in their relationship. It is actually the same as stated in Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary; adultery is a sex between a married person and someone who is not their husband or wife (18). Indeed, Adultery sometimes becomes something crucial in our society. As an additionRead MoreThe Divided Self1775 Words   |  8 Pagesthe last three years, however, some interests drastically changed, some slightly, and some not at all. With exposure to new material in my studies, new friendships, and new activities, I have become more attracted to working with numbers and data analysis, however, still retaining a passion for the dynamics of policy and law. I have interpreted and reinterpreted what I want my life to become and in some way I shift my behavior to make new paths (and possibly old ones) a potential. The need to habituallyRead MoreLiterary Analysis of No Name Woman6151 Words   |  25 PagesA short literary analysis of Maxine Kingstons classic â€Å"No Name Woman† As part of the first generation of Chinese-Americans, Maxine Hong Kingston writes about her struggle to distinguish her cultural identity through an impartial analysis of her aunt’s denied existence.   In â€Å"No Name Woman,† a chapter in her written memoirs, Kingston analyzes the possible reasons behind her disavowed aunt’s dishonorable pregnancy and her village’s subsequent raid upon her household.   And with a bold statementRead More The Search for Language in The Awakening Essay2447 Words   |  10 PagesSearch for Language in The Awakening  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, tells the story of a late nineteenth century woman trying to break away from the male-dominated society to find an identity of her own.   Edna Pontellier is trying to find herself when only two personas are available to her: the ‘true woman,’ the classic wife and mother, or the ‘new woman,’ the radical women demanding equality with men.   Patricia S. Yaeger, in her essay â€Å"‘A Language Which Nobody Understood’: Emancipatory

Argumentative Essay on the Pros and Cons of Dolphins...

Argumentative Essay on the Pros and Cons of Dolphins Living in Captivity versus the Pros and Cons of Dolphins Living in the Wild. The Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) are probably the most popular species of dolphins around. Coming under the order of Cetecea and the family of Delphinidae, the bottlenose dolphins are closely related to whales and are highly intelligent creatures (source 7). They are widely distributed around the world in the deep tropical and sub-tropical seas as well as other warm regions. For this reason, there is no recorded global estimate of the number of Bottlenose Dolphins in this world. According to source 9, it is regarded as a common cetacean, and too large and strong to be captured by accident.†¦show more content†¦Captured animal’s natural hunting and survival instincts grow dull after living the lax life in a tank. Upon being released back into the wild, they are unable to fend for themselves and are quickly hunted by predators. Also, experience has proven that the spectators of educational animal shows come away with little thought for the welfare of the animals and more for other exciting things like fun rides, etc. Spectators mostly go to shows not for the education but for the entertainment of watching different and sometimes â€Å"weird† animals perform. Besides, many do not consider the mental distress that plagues the dolphins that are suddenly brought into captivity to be studied. Again referring to source 1 and 6, the animals may most likely not be able to adept well and this may increase their aggression towards their tank-mates as well as show other signs of obvious mental suffering. What’s more, it is obviously not easy to care for these animals, not to mention costly. Safaris and parks fork out billions a year for the maintenance and care of their animals. Looking at SeaWorld’s impressive facilities as an example, imagine the cost for designing, building and then maintaining the aquariums, plumbing, dietary needs, etc of the animals. And even then, it is no match for Mother Nature. Also, the ethi cal side of dealing with all living things dictates that it is immoral to interfere with the lives of the dolphins. We violate

Rectilinear Motion Free Essays

Clipart illustrations of a simple machine, gears. Gears are used by connecting them to an axle, and using the interconnecting cogs to move other gears or parts of a system. Their mechanics are similar to the wheel and axle. We will write a custom essay sample on Rectilinear Motion or any similar topic only for you Order Now | Clock, Wheels of a A clock is run by wheels. Each wheel turns another to keep the clock running.. .. | | Cog-wheel â€Å"A small projection in machinery, used to impart motion. C. wheel, a wheel having cogs on its circumfrence. † — Williams, 1889.. . | | Crown-wheel A wheel with cogs or teeth at right angles to its plane†¦. | Drill, twist bit Twist drill bit.. .. | | Epicycloidal Teeth â€Å"Epicycloidal teeth, teeth for gearing cut in the form of an epicycloid. † -Whitney, 1911†¦ | | Epicycloidal Wheel A wheel or ring fixed to a framework, toothed on its inner side, and having in gear with it another toothed wheel of half the diameter of the first, fitted so as to revolve around the center of the la. .. | | Epicycloidal Wheel â€Å"Epicycloidal wheel, a wheel or ring fixed to a framework, toothed on its inner side, and having in gear with it another toothed wheel, of half the diameter of the first, fitted so as to revolve about†¦ |Gear, Bicycle Sprockets â€Å"For sprockets of different diameters, small rings D are used, of different diameters. The nut C is screwed on and off by a wrench; it has grooves, in order to get rid of the turnings that fall on th. .. | | Gearing A train of wheels for transmitting and varying motion in machinery†¦. | | Gears â€Å"It is found preferable, therefore, when a great difference of velocity is required, to use a combination of wheels, of moderate size. In the following figure, three wheels are seen thusly connected†¦. | | Gears A pinion and spur gear meshed together. .. . | | Mitre-wheels 2 wheels revolving in contact, but in different planes, so as to transfer motion from one plane to another. † — Williams, 1889†¦ | | Planet wheel The exterior wheel of the sun and planet motion of gears. . .. | | Rack and pinion gears A gear system with a rack gear and small pinion gear. Used to conovert circular motion to rectilinear motion. †¦ | |Rack and worm gears A gear system with a rack gear and worm gear. Used to conovert circular motion to rectilinear motion. †¦ | | Rag-wheel A wheel furnished with projecting pins on the rim, which fit into the links of a chain.. .. | Ratchet, Noiseless Clock â€Å"In some of the cheap American alarm clocks there is used a simple ratchet—wheel which has the double advantage that it is noiseless, and is operative in every position. † —Grimshaw, 1902†¦ | | Ratchet-wheel â€Å"A circular wheel, with teeth on the circumference, by which it can be moved or its motion stayed. † — Williams, 1889†¦ | | Righthand spiral gears Righthand spiral gears†¦ | | Rotary pump â€Å"The design is to produce a continued stream, by simply turning it into a crank, thus converting the piston into cog-wheels and the vertical motion into a rotary one. -Comstock 1850†¦ | | Sprocket A sprocket and chain†¦. | | Sprocket A sprocket and chain†¦. | | Sprocket A sprocket and chain†¦ . | | Sprocket A sprocket and chain†¦. | | Spur-wheel â€Å"A wheel having teeth projecting radially from the circumference. † — Williams, 1889. .. | 1 2 Next Last | Main Menu| Site Map| Search| License| Clipart Help| Clipart ETC is a part of the Educational Technology Clearinghouse and is funded by various grants. Produced by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology, College of Education, University of South Florida. Email the project manager. How to cite Rectilinear Motion, Papers

Depletion of Non Renewable Resources of Energy free essay sample

Eventually natural resources will become too costly to harvest and humanity will need to find other sources of energy. At present, the main energy source used by humans are non-renewable fossil fuels, as a result of continual use since the first  internal combustion engine  in the 17th century, the fuel is still in high demand with conventional  infrastructure  fitted with the combustion engine. Non-renewable resources of energy Coal Coal  is  a  fossil  fuel. That means it comes from the remains of ancient life buried deep in Earth’s crust. The coal we use today started out as plants that grew in swamps millions of years ago. When the plants died, they settled to the swamp bottom. Over time, layers of mud and rock formed. They compressed and hardened the plant material. Heat and pressure caused chemical changes. Gradually, the once-living matter became coal. Coal,  a  combustible  organic rock composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Coal is burned to produce energy and is used to manufacture steel. It is also an important source of chemicals used to make medicine, fertilizers, pesticides, and other products. Coal comes from ancient plants buried over millions of years in Earth’s crust, its outermost layer. Coal, petroleum, natural gas, and oil shale are all known as fossil fuels because they come from the remains of ancient life buried deep in the crust. Petroleum Petroleum,  or  crude  oil,  naturally occurring oily, bituminous liquid composed of various organic chemicals. It is found in large quantities below the surface of Earth and is used as a fuel and as a raw material in the chemical industry. Modern industrial societies use it primarily to achieve a degree of mobility—on land, at sea, and in the air—that was barely imaginable less than 100 years ago. In addition, petroleum and its derivatives are used in the manufacture of medicines and fertilizers, foodstuffs, plastics, building materials, paints, and cloth and to generate electricity. Crude oil is a mixture of substances called hydrocarbons. They’re called hydrocarbons because they are made up of the elements hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons give off a lot of energy when they burn. That’s why they make good fuels. They also can be combined with other elements in many ways to make different products. Crude  oil  forms  under Earth’s surface. It forms from the remains of sea animals and plants. When these living things die, they sink to the sea bottom. Over millions of years, they form a thick layer. The layer can get buried under sand and rock. Pressure and high temperatures inside the planet change it into oil and natural gas. Natural gas Natural Gas is  flammable  gaseous  mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons. Along with coal and petroleum, natural gas is a fossil fuel. Natural gas may contain as much as 85 percent methane (CH4) and about 10 percent ethane (C2H6), and also contains smaller amounts of propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), pentane (C5H12), and other alkanes. Natural gas, which is usually found together with petroleum deposits in Earth’s crust, is extracted and refined into fuels that provide approximately 25 percent of the world energy supply. Natural gas is created by two mechanisms: biogenic and thermogenic. Biogenic gas is created by  methanogenic  organisms in  marshes,  bogs,  landfills, and shallow sediments. Deeper in the earth, at greater temperature and pressure, thermogenic gas is created from buried organic material. Depletion of non renewable resources of energy Fossil Fuels form over millions of years when animals and plants die and decay. There are three forms of fossil fuels solid called coal, liquid called petroleum or oil, and gas called natural gas. Use of fossil fuels outnumbers the production and extraction of it which is used to power cars and factories. 90% of the U. S. s energy comes from oil. The solution is to use other sources of energy, but we already are too dependent on fossil fuel to back away from its usage. Fossil Fuels are the biggest cause of pollution in the world, producing soot and other harmful gases. It takes a million years to produce the amount of fossil fuels the people of earth use in a single year Energy can be drawn from the sun, water, and wind to produce a clean form of energy. Coal is a very clean source of energy. Energy also comes from biomass, electrical storage, and nuclear energy. Coal is a very good source of energy, but when it is burned it produces much more pollutants than any   other fossil fuel. Coal-Coal depletion  is the inescapable result of extracting and consuming  coal  since it is a nonrenewable natural resource. The number of years of coal left is estimated by the ratio of proven coal reserves to the current consumption rate. Assuming the current rate of consumption and that there are still an estimated 909 billion tones of proven  coal reserves worldwide, there is enough coal to last at least 155 years (assuming the rate of consumption remains the same) . Peak coal  is the point in time at which the maximum global coal production rate is reached, after which, according to the theory, the rate of production will enter to a terminal decline. Coal  is a  fossil fuel  formed from plant matter over the course of millions of years. It is a finite resource and thus considered to be a  non-renewable energy  source. Petroleum- Petroleum depletion  occurs in the second half of the  production curve  of an  oil well,  oil field, or the average of total world  oil  production. The  Hubbert peak theory  makes predictions of production rates based on prior discovery rates and anticipated production rates. Hubbert curves  predict that the production curves of non-renewing resources approximate a  bell curve. Thus, when the  peak of production  is passed, production rates enter an  exponential decline. The worlds oil supply is fixed because petroleum is  naturally formed  far too slowly to be replaced at the rate at which it is being extracted. Over many millions of years,  plankton,  bacteria, and other plant and animal matter become buried in sediments on the ocean floor. When conditions are right – a lack of oxygen for decomposition, and sufficient depth and temperature of burial – these organic remains are converted into petroleum compounds, while the sediment accompanying them is converted into sandstone, siltstone, and other porous sedimentary rock. When capped by mpermeable rocks such as shale, salt, or igneous intrusions, they form the petroleum reservoirs which are exploited today. Natural gas-Natural Gas depletion  is the inescapable result of extracting and consuming  natural gas  since it is a nonrenewable natural resource. The number of years of natural gas left is estimated by the ratio of proven natural gas reserves to the current consumpt ion rate. According to the Energy Information Agency,  the world in 2005 had about 60 years of natural gas left. However, the relevance of worldwide figures is questioned since unlike oil relatively little gas is shipped across the oceans. If one compares proven North American reserves versus North American consumption, one gets only 11 years. Conservation Energy conservation  refers to efforts made to reduce energy consumption. Energy conservation can be achieved through increased  efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased  energy consumption  and/or reduced consumption from conventional energy sources. An energy conservation act was passed on 2001. Energy conservation can result in increased  financial capital,  environmental  quality,  national security,  personal security, and  human comfort. Individuals and organizations that are direct  consumers  of energy choose to conserve energy to reduce energy costs and promote  economic security. Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use efficiency to maximize  profit. Conclusion Non renewable sources of energy are getting depleted day by day. We must do something to conserve the non renewable sources. Natural resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas  take thousands of years to form naturally and cannot be replaced as fast as they are being consumed. We must use other sources such as wind, water, sun etc. These resources must be conserved.